英语四级考试翻译部分做题方法

   四六级考试的翻译部分是每年部分考生们发挥“奇思妙想”的“舞台”，鉴于四六级的翻译部分确实比较有难度，今天我们为大家整理出了四级翻译的一些做题方法，一起来看看吧~~~

顺译法

顺译法是指按照原文顺序翻译的方法。有些汉语句子的内容结构与英语表达方式比较一致，在翻译时可以按照原文顺序进行翻译。这种方法多用于单一主语的句子。

示例1：灯笼起源于东汉，最初主要用于照明。

词：起源于originate in/from；derive from；stem from

东汉the Eastern Han Dynasty

译文：Lanterns originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty，and were at first used primarily/mainly for lighting.

示例2：人们应当好好读书，尤其是经典著作。

译文：People should read good books，especially classic ones.

逆译法

汉语的信息排列一般是按事物的自然逻辑发展顺序，先叙事后表态，先因后果，先条件后结论，由远及近，由大到小，由强到弱，由一般到具体，信息焦点常放在句末。而英语重理性思维，其逻辑顺序一般为先主后从，即先表态后叙事，先果后因，把信息重心放在前面。所以，翻译时应根据译入语的特点适当调整语序。

示例1：为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除。

译文1：Every family would thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck.

译文2：It is traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck.

示例2：过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。

译文1：In the past，it was unimaginable for most Chinese people to travel by plane.

译文2：In the past，it was beyond most Chinese people’s imagination to travel by plane.

译文3（顺译）：In the past，travelling by plane was unimaginable for most Chinese people.

示例3：近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人数在不断增加。

译文1：In recent years，the number of people choosing to travel by air during holidays has been increasing.

译文2：In recent years，the number of people travelling by air during holidays has increased.

合并译法

合并译法亦称化零为整法，主要是根据英语行文紧凑、简练的原则，将两句或数句合译成一句。

示例1：黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称。

词：位于be located in…

安徽省南部the south of Anhui Province；southern Anhui Province

云海sea of clouds

译文1：Located in southern Anhui Province，Mount Huang is known for its unique natural scenery，particularly for its sunrises and sea of clouds.

译文2：Mount Huang in southern Anhui Province is known for its unique natural  scenery，particularly for its sunrises and sea of clouds.

译文3（不合并）：Mount Huang is in southern Anhui Province. It is known for its unique natural scenery，particularly for its sunrises and sea of clouds.

示例2：功夫（Kung Fu）是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要。

译文1：Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts，the origin of which can date back to the need of self-defence.

译文2：Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts，whose origin can date back to the need of self-defence.

译文3：Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts，which can date back to the need of self-defence.

译文4：Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts，which can be traced back to the need of self-defense.

译文5：Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts，which originated from the need of self-defense.

示例3：中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人的速度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。

词：智能手机smartphone

以…的速度at a…speed/rate

…的方式the way to do；the way of doing；the way sb. do sth.

许多人的阅读方式the way many people read

译文1：The number of China’s smartphone users has been growing at an amazing speed in recent years，which has greatly changed the way many people read.

译文2：China’s smartphone users have been growing at an amazing speed in recent years，which has greatly changed the way many people read.

拆分译法

拆分译法是把一个长而复杂的句子拆译成若干个较短、较简单的句子。

示例1：中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期特别流行，人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。

译文：The Chinese papercutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings.

示例2：丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样、丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。

词：少数民族同胞（fellow）minorities

译文1：There are beautiful natural sceneries everywhere in Lijiang，and fellow minorities there provide tourists with various colourful cultural experiences.

译文2：Lijiang is full of beautiful natural sceneries，and many minorities there provide tourists with various colourful cultural experiences.

示例3：随着旅行多了，年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引。

词：著名景点famous scenic spots

译文1：With more travels，youngsters spend less time in major cities of famous scenic spots. Instead，they are attracted to remote places.

译文2：As they travel more，youngsters spend less time in major cities or famous scenic spots. Instead，they are more attracted to remote places.

译文3（不拆分）：With more travels，youngsters are more attracted to remote places instead of major cities of famous scenic spots.

句间连贯

目的：使句与句之间的连接通顺而流畅。

示例：黄山的湿润气候有利于茶树生长，是中国主要产茶地之一。

句间连贯：前后可判断为因果关系

译文1（不考虑句间连贯，直接翻译）：The humid climate in Mount Huang is beneficial to the growth of tea trees；Mount Huang is one of the major tea producers in China.

译文2：The humid climate in Mount Huang is beneficial to the growth of tea trees，（thus）making Mount Huang one of the major tea producers in China.

译文3：With humid climate which is beneficial to the growth of tea trees，Mount Huang is one of the major tea producers in China.

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